產(chǎn)品詳情
2.現(xiàn)場總線的選擇
2.1現(xiàn)場總線技術(shù)的選擇
現(xiàn)場總線集控制技術(shù)、計算機技術(shù)、通信技術(shù)于一體,是當今自動化領(lǐng)域技術(shù)發(fā)展的熱點之一。這項技術(shù)可將多個智能控制儀表連接成網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)分布式計算機控制,提高檢測和控制精度,改善系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)響應(yīng)速度,提高系統(tǒng)安全性,從而得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。
近年來,幾種有影響的現(xiàn)場總線技術(shù)已在一些特定的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域里顯示出各自的優(yōu)勢。在此,我們選定了現(xiàn)為德國和歐洲標準的PROFIBUS(Process Fieldbus)現(xiàn)場總線。一方面由于它是目前數(shù)據(jù)傳輸率快的一種現(xiàn)場總線,傳輸率高可達12Mbps,另一方面它能夠很好的與西門子的傳動設(shè)備相配合,并與西門子PLC(Programmable Logic Controller)結(jié)合緊密且組態(tài)簡便。
2.2 PROFIBUS現(xiàn)場總線簡介
參照ISO/OSI參考模型,PROFIBUS現(xiàn)場總線只包含物理層、數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層和應(yīng)用層。由PROFIBUS-DP,PROFIBUS-FMS, PROFIBUS-PA組成PROFIBUS系列。
PROFIBUS-DP:經(jīng)過優(yōu)化的高速、廉價的通信連接,專為自動控制系統(tǒng)和設(shè)備級分散I/O之間通信設(shè)計,使用PROFIBUS-DP模塊可取代價格昂貴的24V或0~20mA并行信號線。用于分布式控制系統(tǒng)的高速數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。
PROFIBUS-FMS :解決車間級通用性通信任務(wù),提供大量的通信服務(wù),完成中等傳輸速度的循環(huán)和非循環(huán)通信任務(wù),用于紡織工業(yè)、樓宇自動化、電氣傳動、傳感器和執(zhí)行器、可編程序控制器、低壓開關(guān)設(shè)備等一般自動化控制。
PROFIBUS-PA專為過程自動化設(shè)計,標準的本質(zhì)安全的傳輸技術(shù),實現(xiàn)了IEC1158-2中規(guī)定的通信規(guī)程,用于對安全性要求高的場合及由總線供電的站點。
本設(shè)計中采用的是PROFIBUS-DP標準,PROFIBUS-DP(或DP標準)是由歐洲標準EN50170定義的一種遠程I/O通信協(xié)議。DP表示分布式外圍設(shè)備,亦即遠程I/O。PROFIBUS-DP還用到了應(yīng)用層接口(ALI),ALI將過程對象轉(zhuǎn)換為通信對象。
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