產(chǎn)品詳情
S7-300PLC的選型原則是據(jù)生產(chǎn)工藝所需的功能和容量進(jìn)行選型,并考慮維護(hù)的方便性、備件的通用性,以及是否易于擴展和有無特殊功能等要求。選型時具體注意以下幾方面:
(1)有關(guān)參數(shù)確定。一是輸入/輸出點數(shù)(I/O點數(shù))確定。這是確定PLC規(guī)模的一個重要依據(jù),一定要根據(jù)實際情況留出適當(dāng)余量和擴展余地。二是PLC存儲容量確定。注意當(dāng)系統(tǒng)有模擬量信號存在或要進(jìn)行大量數(shù)據(jù)處理時,其存儲容量應(yīng)選大一些。
(2)系統(tǒng)軟硬件選擇。一是擴展方式選擇,S7-300PLC有多種擴展方式,實際選用時,可通過控制系統(tǒng)接口模塊擴展機架、Profibus-DP現(xiàn)場總線、通信模塊、運程I/O及PLC子站等多種方式來擴展PLC或預(yù)留擴展口;二是PLC的聯(lián)網(wǎng),包括PLC與計算機聯(lián)網(wǎng)和PLC之間相互聯(lián)網(wǎng)兩種方式。因S7-300PLC的工業(yè)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)淡化了PLC與DCS的界限,聯(lián)網(wǎng)的解決方案很多,用戶可根據(jù)企業(yè)的要求選用;三是CPU的選擇,CPU的選型是合理配置系統(tǒng)資源的關(guān)鍵,選擇時必須根據(jù)控制系統(tǒng)對CPU的要求(包括系統(tǒng)集成功能、程序塊數(shù)量限制、各種位資源、MPI接口能力、是否有
PROFIBUS-DP主從接口、RAM容量、溫度范圍等),并好在西門子公司的技術(shù)支持下進(jìn)行,以獲得合理的選型;四是編程軟件的選擇,這主要考慮對CPU的支持狀況,我們的體會是:STEP7V4.0對有些型號的CPU不支持,硬件組態(tài)時會發(fā)生故障出錯,而STEP7V5.0則不存在這種問題。
二、設(shè)計及使用注意事項
1. 設(shè)計注意事項
設(shè)計時主要應(yīng)注意以下幾方面:
(1)PLC輸出電路中沒有保護(hù),因此在外部電路中應(yīng)設(shè)置串聯(lián)熔斷器等保護(hù)裝置,以防止負(fù)載短路造成PLC損壞。熔斷器容量一般為0.5A。
(2)PLC存在I/O響應(yīng)延遲問題,因此在快速響應(yīng)設(shè)備中應(yīng)加以注意。MPI通信協(xié)議雖簡單易行,但響應(yīng)速度較慢。
(3)編制控制程序時,好用模塊式結(jié)構(gòu)程序。這樣既可增強程序的可讀性,方便調(diào)試和維護(hù)工作;又能使數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)構(gòu)統(tǒng)一,方便WinCC組態(tài)時變量標(biāo)簽的統(tǒng)一編制和設(shè)備狀態(tài)的統(tǒng)一顯示。
(4)硬件資源。要合理配置硬件資源,以提高系統(tǒng)可靠性。如PLC電源配電系統(tǒng)要配備冗余的UPS不間斷電源,以排除停電對全線運行的不利影響。又如對電機的控制回路要進(jìn)行繼電器隔離,以消除外部負(fù)載對I/O模塊的可能損壞。另外,系統(tǒng)設(shè)備要采用獨立的接地系統(tǒng),以減少雜波干擾。
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