6FC5357-0BB34-0AE0
6FC5357-0BB34-0AE0
6FC5357-0BB34-0AE0
《聯(lián)系人;歐先生》
在工業(yè)4.0時(shí)代,國(guó)家重點(diǎn)提升改造制造業(yè)和發(fā)展高端智能裝備。伺服控制系統(tǒng)在自動(dòng)化和高端智能裝備中作為直接執(zhí)行者,起著舉足輕重的作用。永磁同步電機(jī)(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors,PMSM)以其高效率、高氣隙磁密度、高功率因素、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊簡(jiǎn)單、線性響應(yīng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),已在數(shù)控機(jī)床、機(jī)器人、載人飛船、變頻空調(diào)等場(chǎng)合得到廣泛應(yīng)用[1]。在伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)中,能否準(zhǔn)確獲取伺服電機(jī)零位和編碼器零位的相位關(guān)系,關(guān)系伺服電機(jī)能否正常啟動(dòng),錯(cuò)誤的相位關(guān)系將使PMSM啟動(dòng)失敗,使轉(zhuǎn)子會(huì)出現(xiàn)反轉(zhuǎn)、抖動(dòng)等不良現(xiàn)象[2]。
為了準(zhǔn)確獲取伺服電機(jī)零位和編碼器零位之間的相位關(guān)系,劉劍文歸納了各種編碼器不同的相位對(duì)齊方法,這些方法以手動(dòng)對(duì)齊為主,對(duì)齊基本步驟為[3]:
(1)向電機(jī)任意兩相直接通入直流電,使電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子鎖定在固定位置,根據(jù)通電相序和方向即可確定電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子被鎖定位置的電角度。例如,直流電由電機(jī)的a相繞組進(jìn),b相繞組出,則電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子鎖定在電角度等于-30°的位置。
(2)人工一邊手動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)編碼器與電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子的相對(duì)位置,一邊通過(guò)調(diào)試工具,如示波器、可以顯示編碼器反饋數(shù)據(jù)的設(shè)備,觀察編碼器零位標(biāo)志,當(dāng)零位標(biāo)志出現(xiàn)在調(diào)試工具上時(shí),將編碼器轉(zhuǎn)軸固定在電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子上,完成相位對(duì)齊。
這種人工找尋和校準(zhǔn)零位十分費(fèi)力,而且影響相應(yīng)編碼器零位校準(zhǔn)精度的一致性。于是,出現(xiàn)了各種針對(duì)不同編碼器設(shè)計(jì)的調(diào)零裝置。王新社等針對(duì)帶有UVW霍爾信號(hào)的增量式編碼器設(shè)計(jì)專用的相位對(duì)齊伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器,使用多個(gè)選擇開關(guān)控制相位對(duì)齊步驟,使用多個(gè)LED顯示信號(hào)狀態(tài),即可任意調(diào)整編碼器相位與轉(zhuǎn)子磁極相位對(duì)應(yīng)位置,又能拖動(dòng)電機(jī)運(yùn)行,操作較簡(jiǎn)單,提高了生產(chǎn)效率和相位精度,但在零位校準(zhǔn)前驗(yàn)證編碼器的各個(gè)信號(hào)是否正確,也沒(méi)有對(duì)零位校正結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證[4]。張靜波等設(shè)計(jì)了支持增量式和絕對(duì)式編碼器的專用調(diào)零儀,界面友好,參數(shù)可設(shè)置,但在零位校準(zhǔn)前沒(méi)有驗(yàn)證編碼器的各個(gè)信號(hào)是否正確,也沒(méi)有對(duì)零位校準(zhǔn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證[5]。因此,現(xiàn)有的調(diào)零裝置依然有改進(jìn)之處,本文主要完善絕對(duì)式編碼器電機(jī)零位與編碼器零位的相位補(bǔ)償方法。
《座機(jī):0592-5709825》
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