產(chǎn)品詳情
控制單元(Control Unit)負(fù)責(zé)程序的流程管理。正如工廠的物流分配部門,控制單元是整個(gè)CPU的指揮控制中心,由指令寄存器IR(Instruction Register)、指令譯碼器ID(Instruction Decoder)和操作控制器OC(Operation Controller)三個(gè)部件組成,對(duì)協(xié)調(diào)整個(gè)電腦有序工作極為重要。
控制單元可以作為CPU的一部分,也可以安裝于CPU外部。
控制單元,英文Control Unit(CU),是CPU部件之一,有時(shí)也安裝與CPU外部。其基本功能是從內(nèi)存取指令、分析指令和執(zhí)行指令。
控制單元是實(shí)現(xiàn)一種或多種控制規(guī)律的控制儀表或控制部件。如:多路傳輸控制單元、代理設(shè)置控制單元
無(wú)論哪一個(gè)種類的控制單元,原理均為通過(guò)控制單元發(fā)出的控制信號(hào)對(duì)CPU各個(gè)部分加以控制??刂茊卧篌w可以分為以下兩類。
微程序式,由微程序讀取和發(fā)出控制信號(hào)。通過(guò)被稱為微型定序器的簡(jiǎn)單數(shù)字通路(微型電腦)對(duì)微程序加以執(zhí)行
硬件型控制單元。由數(shù)字通路直接發(fā)出控制信號(hào)。由于集成電路的規(guī)?;霸O(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,此種控制單元已成為可能。
它根據(jù)用戶預(yù)先編好的程序,依次從存儲(chǔ)器中取出各條指令,放在指令寄存器IR中,通過(guò)指令譯碼(分析)確定應(yīng)該進(jìn)行什么操作,然后通過(guò)操作控制器OC,按確定的時(shí)序,向相應(yīng)的部件發(fā)出微操作控制信號(hào)。操作控制器OC中主要包括節(jié)拍脈沖發(fā)生器、控制矩陣、時(shí)鐘脈沖發(fā)生器、復(fù)位電路和啟停電路等控制邏輯
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